Docs/SysAdmin/CLI/SysRecovery

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System Recovery tools

Here you will find tools for when things go wrong.


Содержание

[править] Bootable CD tools

For when you can not boot your system.

[править] System Rescue CD

Description: SystemRescueCd is a linux system on a bootable cdrom for repairing your system and your data after a crash. It also aims to provide an easy way to carry out admin tasks on your computer, such as creating and editing the partitions of the hard disk. It contains a lot of system utilities (parted, partimage, fstools, ...) and basic ones (editors, midnight commander, network tools). It aims to be very easy to use: just boot from the cdrom, and you can do everything. The kernel of the system supports most important file systems (ext2/ext3, reiserfs, xfs, jfs, vfat, ntfs, iso9660), and network ones (samba and nfs).

I have not used all the tools on this CD, but I have used partimage to back up drive partitions to a file. The nice thing is that is will create an image file from a USB device, as well as doing a restore to a USB drive. You can also backup/restore to a machine over the network. In addition, there are other boot options besides starting Linux. You can run a memory test, boot to DOS, change Windows passwords and more.

My brother has this nice USB to IDE interface for desktop drives. I will report later on how well this works with this CD. It looks like a way to build a drive without having to open up the machine I am using to build the drive. (I have a couple of machines that do not have floppy drives or CD-ROMs.)

Notes:

  • Because the ide_cs module is missing from the CD, you can not image PCMCIA hard drives.
  • The CD boots to the command line. It does not support X. But there are GUI tools using the Frame Buffer.

[править] Ultimate Boot CD

You need the Ultimate Boot CD if you want to:

  • Run floppy-based diagnostic tools from CDROM drives. More and more PCs are shipped without floppy drives these days, and it is such a royal pain when you need to run diagnostic tools on them.
  • Free yourself from the slow loading speed of the floppy drive. Even if you do have a floppy drive, it is still much much faster to run your diagnostic tools from the CDROM drive, rather than wait for the tool to load from the floppy drive.
  • Consolidate as many diagnostic tools as possible into one bootable CD. Wouldn't you like to avoid digging into the dusty box to look for the right floppy disk, but simply run them all from a single CD? Then the Ultimate Boot CD is for you!

When you boot up from the CD, a text-based menu will be displayed, and you will be able to select the tool you want to run. The selected tool actually boots off a virtual floppy disk created in memory. See the web site for a complete list of tools. The CD comes in two versions - the basic version, and a full version that includes a modified version of INSERT Linux.

I mainly use this CD for the Hard Disk Diagnosis and the Memory Tests. But it has many more usefull tools as well. It is well worth having in your tool kit!

[править] Programs for use on a working system.

[править] Diskdrake

Diskdrake is part of the drakxtools-newt package, and works in both the GUI and CLI mode. It is normally used to manage partitions, and their mount points. But it does have limited recovery uses.

I didn't have much luck with the Rescue partition table option in my tests, but you may have better luck. The other two options in the More menu work better. You can Save partition table to a file, and Restore partition table from a file. You might want to save the partition table to a floppy as a backup, in case something destroys it, or before trying to change things, so you can go back to your starting point.

One thing I do not like about diskdrake is that it is not consistent about how you navigate through the menus. For selecting things like the disk partition to work on, you highlight the entry, and then Tab to Ok, but in the More menu, you highlight the menu entry, and hit Enter. If you Tab to Ok, you exit the menu.


[править] TestDisk

I installed TestDisk with urpmi testdisk. I don't remember what source it was downloaded from. It is a command line tool, using ncurses to give you an onscreen menu. It will display USB drives, and let you work with them. My first test using it failed. I used fdisk to create a new partition table on a USB hard drive. I then ran testdisk on it, to see if it would be able to recover the old partition table. No luck. But the drive was not in the USB to IDE adapter when I created the original partitions. For the second test, I created some new partitions, and formatted them, with the drive in the adapter. I then used fdisk to delete them, and testdisk was able to recover them. As a third test, I used dd to write zeros over the partition table. Again, testdisk was able to recover it. I am going to have to do more tests to see how the change from a normal IDE connection to the adapter affects things. I think the problem is that without the partition table, the drive geometry is being read wrong, but I am not sure.


[править] Links

[править] CDs


[править] Programs

Получено с http://wiki.mandriva.com/ru/Docs/SysAdmin/CLI/SysRecovery
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